A: Cilnidipine is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). It belongs to the dihydropyridine (DHP) class and works by blocking both L-type and N-type calcium channels, which helps relax blood vessels, lower blood pressure, and reduce strain on the heart. By blocking L-type calcium channels, it dilates blood vessels, improving blood flow and reducing resistance. Additionally, by inhibiting N-type calcium channels, Cilnidipine helps regulate the nervous system's influence on blood pressure, preventing excessive constriction of blood vessels caused by stress or hormonal imbalances. This dual action makes Cilnidipine effective in reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications related to hypertension, such as heart attacks, strokes, and kidney problems.

A: Cilnidipine should be taken exactly as prescribed by your doctor. The usual starting dose for adults is 5–10 mg once daily, which can be increased up to 20 mg per day if necessary. It is best taken at the same time every day, with or without food, to maintain a consistent level of the medication in your body. Do not stop taking Cilnidipine suddenly, as this may cause a sudden increase in blood pressure, leading to serious complications. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, but if it is close to the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. Always follow your doctor's advice regarding dosage adjustments.

A: Like all medications, Cilnidipine may cause some side effects, although not everyone experiences them. Common side effects include dizziness, flushing, headache, low blood pressure (hypotension), swelling in the legs or ankles (peripheral edema), palpitations, and increased urination frequency. Some people may experience gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, stomach pain, or diarrhea. In rare cases, Cilnidipine can cause serious side effects like chest pain, severe dizziness, fainting, vision problems, liver dysfunction, or allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing). If you experience severe or unusual symptoms, seek medical attention immediately. To minimize dizziness or lightheadedness, rise slowly from a sitting or lying position, and avoid alcohol or activities requiring alertness until you know how the medication affects you.

A: Cilnidipine should not be used in individuals with a history of cardiogenic shock, recent heart attack (myocardial infarction), unstable angina, or severe aortic stenosis. If you have low blood pressure, heart failure, liver disease, or kidney disease, inform your doctor before taking this medication. Pregnant women should use Cilnidipine only if clearly necessary, as there is limited safety data. Nursing mothers should consult their doctor because it is unknown if the drug passes into breast milk. Older adults should take Cilnidipine with caution, as they may be more sensitive to blood pressure-lowering effects. Sudden withdrawal of the medication may worsen heart-related symptoms, so it should be discontinued only under medical supervision.

A: Yes, Cilnidipine may interact with other blood pressure medications, diuretics, and certain heart medications, leading to an excessive drop in blood pressure. It may also interact with antipsychotics, antidepressants, and medications that affect liver enzymes (such as quinidine, carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampicin, cimetidine, and erythromycin). If taken with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), there may be an increased risk of kidney problems. Cilnidipine can also affect blood sugar levels, so people with diabetes should monitor their blood glucose regularly. Always inform your doctor about all the medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking to avoid potential interactions. If you experience any unusual symptoms after starting a new medication along with Cilnidipine, consult your doctor immediately.